The social background of 19th century China

The historical background of China in the early 20th century mainly included the following aspects: 1. The political and economic dilemma at the end of the Qing Dynasty: China's politics and economy fell into a serious dilemma at the end of the Qing Dynasty. Due to the defeat of the Onion War, China was forced to open its trade market. However, the invasion and development of foreign capitalists made China's economy gradually fall behind and political corruption became more and more serious. The May 4th Movement and the introduction of Confucianism: The May 4th Movement was an important intellectual movement in modern Chinese history. This movement promoted the Chinese people's understanding of science and science, and also spread Confucianism. After the spread of the doctrine into China, it laid the foundation for the Chinese revolution. The New Culture Movement was an important cultural movement in modern Chinese history. This movement advocated new ideas and new culture in an attempt to get rid of the shackles of traditional culture. However, the emergence of the new culture movement led to a new direction of development. It attempted to combine the traditional culture with the emergence of the new culture to challenge the authority of the traditional culture. The First World War and the resistance of the Chinese people: During the First World War, China participated in the Anti-Fascist Alliance and resisted the aggression of Germany tenaciously. The Chinese people also played an important role in the war. They organized the Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japan and made important contributions to the independence and liberation of the Chinese nation. These historical backgrounds constituted the historical picture of China in the early 20th century, and also the struggle of the Chinese people.

This text, The Necklace, was a novel set in the 19th century British society. At that time, jewelry was regarded as a symbol of women, and many girls dreamed of owning a beautiful piece of jewelry. The protagonist of the story, Mathilde, was a poor girl. She got an expensive necklace, but because the owner of the necklace was a rich businessman, she could not pay the price of the necklace. So Mathilde decided to sell the necklace to her teacher, but the teacher did not believe that she had sold the necklace to a greedy thief. Mathilde was in trouble, but she finally managed to find her necklace through her own efforts and proved her worth. Through Mathilde's experience, this story reflects the social pressure and difficulties faced by girls in that era, and also reveals the influence of wealth and status on people's values.

The top ten cultural figures of China in the 20th century included: 1 Lao She (1899 - 1966): Famous masterpieces of modern China include Camel Xiangzi and Teahouse. 2 Lu Xun (1881 - 1936): A famous modern Chinese cultural critic and ideologist. His masterpieces include A Madman's Diary and The True Story of Ah Q. Qian Xuesen (1911 - 1999): One of the founders of China's aerospace industry, he served as the chairman of China Aerospace Science and Technology Industry Corporation. 4. Ba Jin (1914 - 1993): The famous masterpieces of modern China include "Home","Spring","Autumn" and so on. 5. Hu Shi (1897 - 1961): Famous modern Chinese cultural critics and ideologists. His masterpieces include The New Culture Movement Manifest and The Book of Literature Freedom. 6. Shen Congwen (1912 - 1988): Famous masterpieces of modern China include Border Town and Spring Silkworm. 7 Zhang Ailing (1924 - 1995): Famous masterpieces of modern China include Red Rose and White Rose, Love in a City-Toppling City, etc. 8. Lin Yutang (1895 - 1975): A famous modern Chinese cultural critic and translator whose masterpieces include Fortress Besieged and Dongfang Shuo. 9 Jin Yong (1924 - 2013): Famous modern Chinese martial arts novelists 'masterpieces include The Legend of the Condor Heroes and The Eight Dragons. 10 Zhang Yimou (1944-): The representative works of famous modern Chinese directors include Red Sorghums, Raise the Red Lantern, Hero, etc.

The classic novellas of the 20th century in China included: " Dream of the Red Chamber ": The Qing Dynasty was hailed as a classic in the history of Chinese literature. " Water Margins ": A novel by Shi Naian, a novelist of the Ming Dynasty, describing the story of the righteous thieves Song Jiang, Wu Yong, and others. It is one of the representative works of ancient Chinese novels. 3. Journey to the West: A novel written by Wu Chengen, a novelist of the Ming Dynasty, tells the story of Sun Wukong, Zhu Bajie, and Monk Sand who went to the West to obtain scriptures. Romance of the Three Kingdoms: The Yuan Dynasty depicted the wars and political struggles between Shu Han, Wu and Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. 5 The Scholars: The Qing Dynasty used the lives and struggles of the Confucian elites of the Qing Dynasty as the background to reveal the dark side of human nature. [Ordinary World]: China's current era depicted the life and struggle of an ordinary person in the context of the great era. Alive: The story of a farmer's life in contemporary China reflects the life and changes of rural China. Farewell My Concubine: A contemporary Chinese adaptation of the complex emotions and life experiences between two Peking opera actors. These are some of the classic novellas of the 20th century in China. They not only occupy an important position in the history of Chinese literature, but also have been widely spread and influenced to become one of the treasures of Chinese culture.

The best-selling novel in China in the 20th century was Dream of the Red Chamber. This novel was first published in 1878 and is one of the classics in the history of Chinese literature, as well as one of the most important works in the history of world literature. It depicted the life and interpersonal relationships of the aristocratic society in the Qing Dynasty, showing the deep foundation and wisdom of Chinese traditional culture. After the publication of 'Dream of the Red Chamber', it quickly became popular throughout the country and became one of the most important events in the history of Chinese culture. It was hailed as the pinnacle of Chinese novels and a classic in the history of world literature.

The 19th century was one of the golden ages of novel writing. Many novels reflected the characters and social phenomena of that time. Here are some examples: Jane Eyre-Charlotte Bronte: It described the growth of a young girl, Jane Eyre. She overcame all kinds of difficulties and challenges to become an independent woman through her independence, courage and strong character. 2 One Hundred Years of Solitude-Garcia Marquez: This is a magical realism novel describing the family history of seven generations. The protagonist, Ursuline, was a strong, brave, and far-sighted woman who had achieved her dreams and goals through constant hard work and perseverance. 3 Pride and Premises-Jane Austen: This is a classic romance novel about the love story between Elizabeth and Darcy. Elizabeth was a smart, kind, upright and thoughtful woman. She won true love through her wisdom and determination. 4 The Catcher in the Rye-J.D. Salinger: This is a Bildungsroman about the growth of a teenager, Holden Caulfield. Holden was a lonely, anxious, and confused young man. He found his place and direction by befriending the Catcher in the Rye. The characters and social phenomena in these novels reflected the problems and contradictions of European society at that time. For example, in the 19th century, European society faced the challenges brought about by the industrial revolution and technological progress. People were faced with employment, poverty, loneliness and social problems. These problems were fully reflected in the novel. At the same time, these novels also showed the elegant demeanour and status of women at that time. Many women became an important force in society through their independence, courage, and strong character.

Another was 'Jane Eyre' by Charlotte Bronte, which addressed issues like gender roles and class divisions in society.

The spread of education also influenced these novels. As more people became literate, the demand for novels increased. This led to a wider range of voices being heard in the literary world. Novels started to cover topics from rural to urban life, from the poor to the wealthy, reflecting the changing social fabric.

The development of American literature in the 20th century included the following aspects: The 20th century was a period of accelerated industrialization and modernisation, which also made American literature face new challenges and changes. Many discussed how to deal with these challenges. Race and gender issues: The 20th century was one of the most serious and complicated periods in American history. Many of them also discussed how to express and solve these problems in literature. 3. The emergence and development of literary schools: In the 20th century, many new literary schools appeared, such as realism, post-realism, symbolism, realism, romanticism, etc. These literary schools and. Revolutions and wars: During certain periods of the 20th century, the United States experienced large-scale revolutions and wars. These events had a profound impact on literature and explored the impact of war and revolution on people's lives. 5. The process of the 20th century's accelerated process of the global literature also began to face the challenge of cross-cultural communication. Many people tried to express these views through literature.

Studying for the rise of China was a famous slogan in modern Chinese history, reflecting the Chinese people's desire and pursuit for the rise of the country. Its background could be traced back to a series of political, economic, and cultural changes in modern China. In the process of China's modern times, China faced many challenges and difficulties. On the one hand, China's traditional political, economic, and cultural systems had gradually fallen behind and could not meet the growing needs of the people. On the other hand, the western powers plundered and destroyed China on a large scale through military aggression and colonial rule, causing serious damage to China's society and economy. In this context, the slogan of "Reading for the Rise of China" was put forward to call on the Chinese people to awaken and strive to improve their own quality through reading, learning knowledge and culture, and contribute to the development and progress of the country. This slogan reflected the Chinese people's concern and importance for the fate of the country, and it also became an important symbol of thought in modern Chinese history.