When did Chinese culture begin?

The origin of Chinese literature can be traced back to the pre-Qin period, from 770 to 221 B.C. During this period, many great ideologists and politicians appeared in China, such as Confucius, Laozi, Mozi, Han Feizi, etc. Their thoughts and works had a profound impact on Chinese literature. In the following historical period, Chinese literature continued to develop and many important literary schools and works appeared, such as The Book of Songs, The Songs of Chu, The Analects of Confucius, Tao Te Ching, etc. Chinese literature not only continued to develop in terms of literary form and content, but also had a profound influence in the fields of culture, philosophy, history, politics, etc. Chinese literature has a long history and is an important part of Chinese culture.

The history of Chinese literature can be traced back to the 11th century B.C., when Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty set up the Imperial College to cultivate literary talents. However, the early Chinese literature did not form a complete literary history system. It was not until the Tang Dynasty that poetry began to flourish that the traditional literature represented by the Tang Dynasty poetry gradually formed. During the Song Dynasty, literature flourished and a group of outstanding writers such as Su Shi, Xin Qiji, Li Qingzhao, etc. Their works became important representatives in the history of literature. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, novels, operas, and other literary works began to become popular and became an important branch of literary history. The development of modern Chinese literature began in 1911 after the Xinhai Revolution. The rise of the New Culture Movement marked the advancement of Chinese literature. From the 1930s to the 1950s, Chinese literature experienced a large-scale revival and creation peak. A group of outstanding writers and works such as Lu Xun, Lao She, Ba Jin, etc. emerged. The development of modern Chinese literature has continued until today, when modern Chinese literature was the main part of the literary history, and it also included traditional Chinese literature and modern literature.

Chinese contemporary literature usually refers to the mainland of China literature, which can be traced back to the 1980s. During this period, a series of major social changes began to take place in China, including the reform and opening up and the construction of the modern society. These changes brought new social thoughts and cultural needs, and at the same time, gave birth to the rise of contemporary Chinese literature. During this period, many outstanding Chinese writers emerged, such as Hai Zi, Yu Hua, Mo Yan, Jia Pingao, Liu Zhenyun, etc. Their works reflected the changes in society and the living conditions of the people in the mainland of China. At the same time, they also explored the meaning of life and the essence of human nature. The development of contemporary Chinese literature can be traced back to the 1980s. Since then, it has been an important part of Chinese literature.

The origins of Chinese science fiction can be traced back to the early 1980s. Some of the most famous ones at the time included Liu Cixin's " Three-Body Problem " series and Yu Hua's " Alive " series. These works attracted widespread discussion and attention at that time, becoming one of the representative works of Chinese science fiction. As time passed, the creation of science fiction in China gradually developed. In recent years, more and more Chinese sci-fi works had gradually become a global literary phenomenon. Some of the famous Chinese sci-fi novels included Wandering Earth, Ball Lightning, and Mars Rescue. The creation of Chinese science fiction began in the 1980s and has gone through many years of development and improvement. It has become an important part of Chinese culture.

Chinese contemporary literature began in the 1980s. At that time, with the deepening of the reform and opening up, Chinese literature began to usher in a new stage of development. In this context, many novels, essays, poems, etc. were used to reflect social life and express personal thoughts. During this period, many famous Chinese writers emerged, such as Mo Yan, Yu Hua, Jia Pingao, Liu Zhenyun, Mai Jia, etc. Their works not only caused a sensation at that time, but also influenced the later literary creation. As time passed, the development of contemporary Chinese literature continued to advance. Now Chinese literature has become an important part of world literature with far-reaching influence.

Ancient Chinese and classical Chinese were two different forms of literature that originated from different historical periods. Ancient literature referred to the literary forms that originated from ancient China, such as poetry, prose, and Fu. The ancient language was still widely used in China's history until the end of the Qing Dynasty. The first stage of the classical Chinese was the Hundred Schools of Thought during the Warring States Period. It was featured by concise language and different meanings. It was not until the Tang Dynasty that it gradually developed into a complete form of classical Chinese. The use of classical Chinese was more extensive than that of ancient Chinese. For example, the use of classical Chinese could be seen in the letters, memorials, poems, and songs of ancient officials. Ancient literature was mainly used in literature, history, philosophy, and other fields.

Chinese scar literature refers to the literary works created during a series of social and political events and revolutionary practices in the mainland of China from the 1950s to the 1970s. It focuses on the difficulties and scars in social change, emphasizing the helplessness and sacrifice of individuals in the face of collective violence and revolution, as well as the conflicts and contradictions between individuals, countries and ethnic groups. The creation of scar literature began in the 1950s, such as Red Pursuit Order, Shout in the Drizzle, Black Rain, Youth Without Regret, and other works. In the 1960s, scar literature began to develop in a more in-depth direction, such as Camel Xiangzi, Alive, Teahouse, and other works. In the 1970s, the scar literature further developed in the direction of folk and emotion, such as Qin Qiang, Red Rock, Border Town, Old Can's Travels, etc. At the same time, trauma literature was also influenced by international literature such as Soviet literature and American literature. Scar literature is an important part of the history of Chinese literature. It not only reflects the social and political situation at that time, but also has a profound impact on today's literary creation.

Wuxia first began in the Ming Dynasty, with the heroes in the Water Margins and Romance of the Three Kingdoms as its ancestors. Later, it developed and evolved into a unique Wuxia culture.

The first stage of Chinese contemporary literature refers to the 25 years of writing and creative activities from 1949 to 1978, also known as the "new period of Chinese modern literature." The literary theme and style of this period covered many aspects, including modern, feminine, modern, post-modern, realism and so on. During this period, Mao Dun, Lao She, Ba Jin, Lao She, Mo Yan, Yu Hua, Su Tong, Jia Pingao, Qin Wenjun, and so on. The works of this period included novels, essays, poems, plays, and many other literary genres, as well as literary criticism, cultural studies, and many other fields. The literary achievements of this period were very significant and laid the foundation for the development of modern Chinese literature.

The history of ancient China began around 2100 B.C. and ended in 1911 A.D. It had gone through 2099 dynasties and political powers. The most famous ones were the Qin Dynasty, Han Dynasty, Tang Dynasty, Song Dynasty, Ming Dynasty, Qing Dynasty, etc. The Qin Dynasty was founded in 221 B.C. and lasted only 15 years, followed by the Han Dynasty from 206 B.C. to 220 A.D., a total of 221 years. After the Han Dynasty was the Tang Dynasty, which lasted for 290 years from 618 to 907. After the Tang Dynasty was the Song Dynasty, which lasted 1127 years from 960 to 1279. After the Song Dynasty was the Ming Dynasty, which lasted 276 years from 1368 to 1644. After the Ming Dynasty was the Qing Dynasty, which lasted 268 years from 1644 to 1911. Some dynasties were short and fragile, while others lasted for thousands of years. Each dynasty had its own unique historical background, political system, cultural development, and achievements.