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20th-century Western literary theory: What is literature?

2025-03-23 05:59
2025-03-23 10:45

Western literary theory in the 20th century refers to the theories and views on literary phenomena and literary value proposed by some important literary philosophers, including the following: 1. Realist literary theory: proposed by France's Victor Hugo that literature should truly reflect social life and human behavior. 2. Expressionism theory of literature: It was proposed by Germany's Max Weber to emphasize that literature should express social reality through strong emotions, conflicts, and contradictions. 3. The structuralist theory of literature, proposed by Francois Lyotard of France, believes that literature is composed of a series of elements. These elements can shape the meaning and depth of the work through structure. 4. The theory of cultural structuralism: It was proposed by Camus of France that literature should establish a new social order by reflecting on human behavior and cultural values. Existentialist literary theory: From Germany, it is believed that literature should explore the nature of human beings by expressing the loneliness, suffering and pursuit of human existence. These theories not only had a profound impact on the development of Western literature, but also had a positive effect on China literature, drama, film and other art forms.

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