The four elements of literature proposed by the American scholar Abraham in the book Mirror and Lamp refer to

The four elements of literature mentioned in Abraham's Mirror and Lamp were character, plot, theme, and language. These elements played a vital role in literature and together constituted a complete literary work. Character is one of the most basic elements in literature. It refers to the fictional characters in the novel. Their existence and actions are the foundation of the story development. The characters 'personalities, experiences, goals, and motives all affect the development of the story and the reader's emotional experience. The plot was another important element in literature. It referred to the development and ending of the story. The ups and downs, twists, and conflicts of the plot can attract the readers 'interest and reflect the theme of the novel. The theme was a deeper element in literature. It referred to the emotions, thoughts, and values that the novel wanted to express. The theme could be expressed through characters, plots, and language. Language was one of the most expressive elements in literature. It referred to the language and expression used in novels. The use of language can shape the character, reveal the theme and enhance the appeal of the story. The relationship between these four elements was mutually dependent. The existence and actions of the characters determined the development of the plot and the revelation of the theme. The development and conflict of the plot were the background and foundation of the existence and actions of the characters. The revelation and expression of the theme needed to be based on the use of characters, plots, and language. Therefore, only when the four elements of character, plot, theme and language are fully developed can a complete literary work be formed.

The four elements of Abraham's literature were character, plot, theme, and language. This theory was first proposed by France's Paul Sartre and later became known as the "Four Elements of Sartre". Character is one of the most important elements in literature because it is the core and vitality of the story. A character needs to have personality, emotions, and motivation, and be able to provide empathy and understanding for the reader. The plot was the foundation of the story. It was the source of the character's actions and contradictions. A good plot needed to be logical and reasonable, and it needed to provide surprise and suspense for the reader. The theme is the core and meaning of literature. It is the thought and emotion that the work wants to express. The theme could be any theme such as love, freedom, life, death, and so on. Language is an important part of literature. It needs to convey the author's thoughts and feelings through vivid language and image description. A good literary work needed to have a unique language style and rhythm to attract the reader's attention and emotions.

The nine key factors for success proposed by the American psychologist included: 1. Passion: Passion for your career, a strong interest and motivation to engage in a certain job. Determination: Able to overcome difficulties and challenges with firm determination and perseverance. 3. Target: Set clear and specific goals and work hard to achieve them. 4. Self-discipline: Able to self-manage and self-control, abide by discipline and rules, and maintain concentration and perseverance. 5. Adaptability: Able to adapt to new environments and challenges quickly and constantly improve oneself. 6. creativity: creative and innovative, able to come up with new ideas and solutions, and constantly improve and improve. Interpersonal relationships: establish good interpersonal relationships with colleagues, friends, and family. Able to cooperate and collaborate with others. Learning: Continuous learning and self-improvement. With new knowledge and new skills, you can continuously improve your ability and value. 9. Health: Maintain physical and mental health and have enough physical and mental strength to deal with work and other challenges. The nine main factors of failure include: 1. Lacking determination and perseverance to stick to one's goals and plans. 2, lack of self-discipline and self-control, unable to manage and control themselves. 3. No clear goals and plans, no clear direction and goals. 4. Without self-discipline and self-management ability, you can't follow discipline and rules to maintain concentration and perseverance. 5. lack of flexibility and adaptability, unable to quickly adapt to new environments and challenges. 6 lack of creativity and innovation, unable to come up with new ideas and solutions, and constantly innovation and progress. 7. Poor interpersonal relationships, unable to cooperate and collaborate with others. 8. Lacking the ability to learn and improve oneself, unable to constantly improve one's ability and value. 9. Physical and mental health is insufficient to maintain physical and mental health.

This question involves different sources and versions, but it is generally believed that the four masterpieces were proposed by Cao Xueqin, a Chinese novelist of the Ming Dynasty. Cao Xueqin was a novelist of the Ming Dynasty. He had created many famous novels such as Dream of the Red Chamber, and the Four Great Classics were one of his representative works. It was rumored that Cao Xueqin had followed the order of "Dream of the Red Chamber" as the first book,"Journey to the West","Water Margins", and "Romance of the Three Kingdoms".

Literature activities usually include the following four elements: 1. It refers to people engaged in literary creation, including poets, novelists, essayists, etc. 2. Works: refers to novels, poems, essays, plays, movies, music, etc. 3. Literature form: refers to the expression and structure of literary works, including realism, romanticism, realism, post-realism, etc. 4. Reader: refers to the people who appreciate and read literary works, including ordinary readers, professional readers, critics, etc. These four elements are interconnected and together form the whole of literary activities. The form of literature determines the expression and structure of the work, and the readers play a vital role in the understanding, evaluation and transmission of the work.

Literature activities usually include the following four elements: 1. The core characters of literary activities usually express their thoughts and feelings through literary works. 2. Works: Including novels, poems, essays, plays, etc. are the main results of literary activities. 3. Reader: The ultimate recipient of a literary work is the reader. The reader reads and comments on the literary work according to their own preferences and needs. 4. Forms of activities: The forms of literary activities include lectures, exhibition, competitions, performances, etc. These forms help to increase the influence and appeal of literature.

The four elements of literature usually referred to the basic elements of literary creation, including characters, plot, environment, and development. Character: The characters in literature are the core of the story and the object that the author portrays and represents. A character should have a personality, emotions, and actions that resonate with the reader. Plot: Plot is the basic component of a literary story, including the cause, development, and ending of the characters. The plot should be logical and coherent to attract the reader's interest. 3. The environment: The environment is an important part of the scene in literature, including the natural environment and social environment. The environment should have meaning, atmosphere, and symbolism to enhance the story. 4. Development: Development is the continuous advancement and change of the story, including the actions and decisions of the characters, the changes and turns in the plot, etc. The development should be logical and reasonable to promote the development and deepening of the story.

The four elements of literature were the basic elements that constituted literature. They usually included characters, plots, environments, and topics. Character: The main characters of the novel include the protagonist, supporting characters, and villains. Their personalities, behaviors, thoughts, and emotions are the basis for the development of the novel's plot. 2. Plot: The story line of the novel includes the beginning, ending, turning, and closing. The theme is displayed through the actions of the characters and the development of events. 3. The setting and natural environment of the novel, including the city, the countryside, the social environment, and the climate, will affect the emotions and behavior of the characters. 4. Thesis: The meaning and values that the novel wants to express include the discussion of human nature, society, history, etc., as well as the expression of life, faith, love, etc. These elements interact with each other to form the basic framework of the novel, which is also an important factor for readers to understand and experience the novel.

The four elements of literature usually referred to the four basic aspects that needed to be considered in literary creation: characters, plot, theme, and language. 1. Character: The character in a literary work is the core of the story and the basis for the existence and continuation of the story. A good character could make the readers feel emotional and interested in the story. 2. Plot: The plot is the backbone of the story and the core that drives the development of the story. A good plot design could arouse the interest of the readers and make them resonate with the story. 3. The theme is the core idea or value that the literary work wants to express. A good theme could inspire the readers and guide them to have a deeper understanding of the literary works. Language: Language is the soul of literary works and the key to expressing thoughts and emotions. A good use of language could make the readers feel the author's emotions and thoughts and leave a deep impression on the work.

They have set high standards. For example, 'Moby - Dick' has influenced how later writers write about adventure and the human struggle against nature.