What was the mainstream literature of the Tang Dynasty, Song Dynasty, and Yuan Dynasty?

The literature of the Song Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty were both outstanding representatives in the history of Chinese literature, with their own characteristics and contributions. The Tang Dynasty literature was mainly based on poetry. Poetry was an important part of the Tang Dynasty culture. The poems of the Tang Dynasty were bold and unrestrained, showing strong personalities and emotions, and had high artistic value. The poems of the Tang Dynasty covered politics, economy, society, history and many other aspects, reflecting the social style and people's lives at that time. Song Dynasty literature was mainly about prose, which was an important part of Song Dynasty culture. The prose style of the Song Dynasty was fresh and natural, focusing on the accuracy of thought and expression, good at describing people and life. The prose works of the Song Dynasty covered politics, philosophy, culture, education and many other aspects, which had high literary value and historical significance. Generally speaking, the Tang Dynasty literature mainly displayed strong personality and emotion with high artistic value, while the Song Dynasty literature mainly focused on prose, focusing on the accuracy of expression and good at describing characters and life. The two literary styles each had their own unique charm and left an important chapter in the history of Chinese literature.

Tang Dynasty literature was a very important literary period in Chinese history. Its mainstream styles mainly included poetry, prose and novels. In terms of poetry, the styles of Tang poetry varied from the representative works of the bold and unconstrained school, such as "Climbing High" and "Lushan Ballad", to the representative works of the graceful and restrained school, such as "Difficult Journey" and "Sapphire Case·Yuanxi". The representative figures of Tang poetry were Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Wang Zhihuan, Liu Yuxi, etc. In terms of prose, the Tang Dynasty prose was distinguished by being gentle and then being a gentleman. His representative works include Han Yu's "Teacher Shuo" and Liu Zongyuan's "River Snow". In terms of novels, the famous representative works that began to appear in the Tang Dynasty were Xuanzang's Records of the Western Regions and Wei Yingwu's Listening to the Rain. The Tang Dynasty novels were featured by their descriptions of many characters, complicated plots, and strong historical and legendary colors. The achievements and influence of the Tang Dynasty literature were very significant in Chinese history. Its poems, essays and novels all had high artistic and cultural value.

The literary genre of the Han Dynasty was mainly Fu, the literary genre of the Tang Dynasty was mainly poetry, the literary genre of the Song Dynasty was mainly Ci, the literary genre of the Yuan Dynasty was mainly novels, and the literary genre of the Ming Dynasty was mainly scripts.

The Tang Dynasty was one of the most prosperous periods in Chinese history, and the forms of literature were also very diverse. The mainstream form of literature in the Tang Dynasty was poetry, followed by prose and novels. Poetry was very popular in the Tang Dynasty. There were many forms of poetry, including five-character, seven-character, regular poems, quatrains, and so on. In the creation of poetry, the Tang Dynasty poets pursued profound artistic conception, gorgeous words, sincere feelings, and often used concise language to express profound thoughts. The prose of the Tang Dynasty was also rich and colorful, including classic works such as The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, The Great Learning, and The Doctrine of the Meanings, as well as many biographies of famous people, historical notes, political papers, and so on. Prose was featured by concise language, profound thoughts, rigorous style, and emphasis on the practicality and logic of the text. The novels of the Tang Dynasty were also very developed, including legends, strange stories, romance, and many other forms. The main characteristics of novels were the twists and turns of the plot, the fullness of the characters, and the delicate description. They often reflected social reality and people's lives through fictional stories. The Tang Dynasty literature was an important milestone in the history of Chinese literature.

The mainstream form of literature in the Song Dynasty was Ci, which was one of the most important literary forms in ancient Chinese literature and also one of the most influential literary forms in the history of Chinese literature. The characteristics of Ci were concise language, beautiful rhythm, and deep feelings. They often used refined words to express complex feelings. The rise of Ci was one of the hallmarks of Song Dynasty literature. In the Song Dynasty, Ci became a major literary form and was widely spread and recognized. The creators of Ci were mostly scholars, and they often used Ci to express their thoughts and feelings. In addition, the Song Dynasty's Ci songs, movements, Fu, and other literary forms had also been developed and perfected. These literary forms together constituted the unique style of the Song Dynasty literature.

The Han Dynasty's literary genre was mainly poetry such as the Book of Songs and the Songs of Chu. The main literary styles of the Tang Dynasty were poetry, prose, and Fu, such as Wang Zhihuan's "Climbing the Stork Tower," Bai Juyi's "Farewell to the Ancient Grass," and Han Yu's "Teacher's Theory," etc. The main literary styles of the Song Dynasty were Ci, prose, and novels, such as Su Shi's "Ode to the Red Cliff," Ouyang Xiu's "The Pavilion of the Drunkard," and the Water Margins. The literary styles of the Yuan Dynasty were mainly novels, operas, and essays, such as Shi Naian's Water Margins, Luo Guanzhong's Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Bai Pu's Dream of the Brothel, and Zheng Sixiao's Dream of the Red Chamber. The literature of the Ming and Qing Dynasties mainly consisted of novels, operas, and essays, such as Cao Xueqin's Dream of the Red Chamber, Jin Pingmei's erotic novels, Lu Xun's A History of Chinese Fictions, and Lao She's Camel Xiangzi.

Yuanqu was a literary form of the Yuan Dynasty (1271 - 1368 AD). It was a musical poetry genre with distinctive musical and opera characteristics. Yuan Qü originated from the north and gradually developed into a unique literary form after spreading to the south. Yuan Qü was mainly popular in the grasslands of the Yuan Dynasty and the southern regions where opera flourished. Among them, the Yuan Qu of the southern region was represented by literary works such as Journey to the West, Water Margins, and Dream of the Red Chamber. These works were known as one of the "Four Great Classics". The literary style of Yuan Qü was diverse, including lyric poems, narrative poems, argumentative essays, and many other forms of expression, with distinct personalities and characteristics. Some of the famous works such as Ma Zhiyuan, Bai Pu, Zheng Sixiao, etc. were known as the classic works of the Yuan Dynasty, such as Dou E Yuan, The Romance of the Western Chamber, and Dream of the Red Chamber. Yuan Qu was an important part of ancient Chinese literature, which had a profound influence on later literature, opera, music and other fields.

Tang Dynasty: During the prosperous Tang Dynasty, the economy was prosperous and the culture developed. Poetry flourished. Tang poetry represented by Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi and others was hailed as the pinnacle of Chinese literature. Song Dynasty: economic prosperity, rapid development of commodity economy, developed handicraft technology, many literary schools, such as Su Shi, Xin Qiji, Li Qingzhao and other people represented by the Song Ci is a treasure of Chinese literature. Yuan Dynasty: During the reign of the Mongol Empire, the economic model of the grasslands was implemented. Grazing, hunting, wrestling and other activities on the grasslands became an important economic pillar of the country. At the same time, Mongolian culture was widely spread in terms of culture. The Mongolian culture represented by Yuan Qu, Mongolian music, painting, etc. was also very unique. Ming Dynasty: The Ming Dynasty was an important dynasty in China's history. The economy was prosperous and the commodity economy reached its peak. The handicraft industry and commerce in the Jiangnan area were developed. At the same time, there were many literary schools. Modern literature represented by Lu Xun, Lao She and others also developed in the Ming Dynasty. Qing Dynasty: The Qing Dynasty was the last dynasty in Chinese history. Its economy was relatively backward, but there were still a certain number of commercial and handicraft activities. At the same time, the cultural aspect of the Qing Dynasty's poetry, calligraphy, painting and other artistic fields had also been developed to a certain extent. The Qing Dynasty culture represented by Qianlong, Jiaqing, Daoguang and others was known as the treasure of Chinese classical culture.

The main forms of literature in the Song and Yuan Dynasties included novels, essays, poems, Ci, Fu, etc. In terms of novels, there were many famous novels in the Song Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty, such as Water Margins, Journey to the West, Dream of the Red Chamber, etc. These novels were featured by the twists and turns of the plot, the rich characters, and the vivid language. They were an important part of Chinese literature. In terms of prose, the achievements of the Song Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty were also very high. Prose was one of the most important forms of ancient Chinese literature. His famous prose works included The Analects of Confucius, Mencius, Tao Te Ching, etc. In terms of poetry, the artistic form of poetry in the Song and Yuan Dynasties continued to develop, producing many outstanding poets and works. His famous poems included "Ascending the Mountain","Happy Rain on a Spring Night","Difficult Journey", etc. In terms of Ci, the Song Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty had the Ci brand, and many famous Ci writers and works appeared, such as Su Shi's "Shuidiao Ge Tou" and Xin Qiji's "Sapphire Case·Yuanxi". In the Song and Yuan dynasties, the forms of Fu were more diverse. There were long Fu, short Fu and short songs. His famous works include "Ode to the Red Cliff" and "Li Sao". These works had a far-reaching impact on the history of Chinese culture and made important contributions to the development and prosperity of Chinese literature.

Compared to the Tang and Song Dynasties, the Ming Dynasty literature had the following differences: 1. Literature style: The style of the Ming Dynasty literature was more pragmatic, calm, and calm, different from the romanticism and exaggeration of the Tang and Song Dynasties. The literature of the Ming Dynasty paid more attention to realism. The language used to describe the characters was more straightforward, and the language used to describe the scenery was more simple. 2. Type of literary works: The representative works of Ming Dynasty literature include novels, essays, poems, etc. Among them, novels were the most prominent. The types of novels in the Ming Dynasty were more diverse, such as Water Margins, Dream of the Red Chamber, Journey to the West, and so on. Prose also presented a variety of forms, such as "Moaning Language","Dongli Yuefu" and so on. 3. Literature schools: There were many literary schools in the Ming Dynasty, such as imitating Huaben, novels and operas, imitating ancient poems, and notes. Among them, the vernacular version was widely developed in the Ming Dynasty and was one of the most representative schools of literature in the Ming Dynasty. 4. Literature achievements: The achievements of literature in the Ming Dynasty were relatively high. For example, Feng Menglong's " Yu Shi Ming Yan " was hailed as the pinnacle of Chinese short stories, and Zheng Sixiao's " Xue Lian Ji " was hailed as one of the representative works of Chinese notebook novels. 5. The influence of literature: The literature of the Ming Dynasty had a profound influence on the literature of later generations, such as the influence of the Ming Dynasty on modern Chinese literature.