Does direct and indirect characterization happen in non-fiction?

Sure can! A story can totally have both. They work together to make the characters more complex and interesting.

Direct characterization is when the author tells you explicitly about a character's traits. For example, saying 'John was a brave and kind person' is direct.

Basically, direct characterization means the writer explicitly describes a character's personality, appearance, or other qualities. For example, 'Sara had a sharp wit and a charming smile.' It gives you clear information about the character without you having to infer it.

In civil law, direct combination and indirect combination were important criteria to judge whether two contracts constituted the same meaning. The direct combination refers to the mutual confirmation of the two contracts directly through the expression of will. That is, one party directly sends the intention to the other party to express that the other party directly accepts and performs it. An indirect combination refers to the mutual confirmation of two contracts through the implication or implication of one party. That is, one party implies that the other party performs the contractual obligations through his own behavior or words. The following aspects need to be considered when determining whether the two contracts constitute a direct or indirect combination: 1. Whether the contents of the contract are directly confirmed with each other. If the contents of the two contracts directly confirm each other, that is, the contents of any one of the contracts directly apply to the other contract, then the two contracts constitute a direct combination. On the contrary, if the contents of the two contracts need to be confirmed by other means, such as the terms of the contract need to be explained by legal provisions, then the two contracts constitute an indirect combination. 2. Whether the parties to the contract confirm each other directly. If the parties to the two contracts directly confirm each other and fulfill their contractual obligations, then the two contracts constitute a direct combination. On the other hand, if the parties to the two contracts confirm and fulfill their contractual obligations through implication or implication, then the two contracts constitute an indirect combination. 3. Whether the contract is based on a declaration of will. If the two contracts were based on mutual recognition, then the two contracts constituted a direct combination. On the other hand, if the two contracts are based on implied or implied mutual confirmation, then the two contracts constitute an indirect combination. The identification of direct combination and indirect combination requires comprehensive consideration of factors such as the content of the contract, the behavior of the parties to the contract, and the intention of the contract to ensure that the content and behavior of the two contracts can directly and indirectly confirm each other and form a consistent intention.

In comic strips, direct speeches are often clearly marked with speech bubbles and specific words. Indirect speeches might be depicted through the character's actions or expressions, giving a hint of what was said without the exact words being shown.

Direct lyricism refers to the author directly expressing his emotions and thoughts so that the readers can feel the author's emotional state. For example, in the novel "Dream of the Red Chamber", Jia Baoyu wrote,"Flowers drift and water flows, a kind of lovesickness and two places of leisure and sorrow." I can't help but frown, but my heart hurts." This chapter was an example of direct lyricism. The indirect lyricism refers to the author's use of description, metaphor, symbolism and other means to express emotions to let the readers feel the complexity and ambiguity of emotions. For example, in the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Cao Cao used the metaphor of " like the death of one's parents " when he lamented that " the Han Dynasty was in danger and the people were plunged into misery." This was an example of indirect lyricism. Here are some examples of novels that show the different ways of expressing direct and indirect lyricism: 1. In "Dream of the Red Chamber", Jia Baoyu wrote,"Flowers drift and water flows, a kind of lovesickness and two idle worries." It directly expressed the author's feelings about losing love and loneliness. In Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Cao Cao's "Han Dynasty was in danger and the people were plunged into misery" indirectly expressed his grief and worry for the country and the people through the metaphor of "mourning for his parents". 3. Lin Chong's "Where will you wake up tonight?" Willow shore, morning breeze, waning moon." It directly expressed the author's pain and helplessness towards losing his freedom. 4. In Journey to the West, Sun Wukong said,"The road of Sanzang's sutras is long and far." Through the metaphor of the Great Wall, the author indirectly expressed his feelings and thoughts about the difficulties of the road.

Writers often use direct characterization by simply telling the reader about a character's traits. For example, they might say 'John was a brave and kind man.'

Descriptions of a character's physical appearance can be a significant element for direct characterization. It gives readers an immediate visual impression. Also, the character's actions can show their traits directly. For example, if a character is always helping others, it indicates kindness.

Lyricism usually included direct lyricism and indirect lyricism. Direct lyricism refers to the author directly expressing his emotions, feelings, and thoughts so that the readers can directly feel the author's emotions. The direct lyrical methods included: 1. Description and Lyricism: express one's emotions by describing things, people, or the environment. My heart is beating wildly as if it's going to jump out of my chest. 2. Expressionism: express one's feelings by making comments. My heart is hard to calm down because I love you deeply. 3. Poetic Lyricism: Use poetry to express one's emotions. My heart can't get out of it because I love you deeply. Indirectly lyricism refers to the author expressing his feelings through other means rather than directly expressing his own feelings. The indirect ways of expressing emotions included: [1] Hint Lyricism: Use hints or metaphor to express one's emotions. My heart is throbbing as if it's going to jump out of my chest. 2. To express one's feelings through the use of others or external things. For example, I looked at the clouds in the sky as if I saw your figure. 3. Use objects to express one's feelings: Use objects as tools to express one's feelings. For example, I picked up a pen and wrote down my deep feelings for you.

Direct description and indirect description were two commonly used methods of description in literature. Both could portray a character's personality, appearance, psychology, and so on to a large extent. Here are some examples from well-known literature: Direct description: In Dream of the Red Chamber, Jia Baoyu was described as having a face like a golden basin and eyes like shooting stars. This description directly revealed his identity and appearance. 2 In Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang was described as " His face was like charcoal and his eyes were like copper bells." This description directly revealed his image through his appearance. 3. In the Water Margins, Lin Chong was described as "eight feet tall, with a face like dates and eyes like bright stars". This description directly revealed his image. Indirectly described: In Journey to the West, Sun Wukong was described as " wearing golden armor, holding a golden hoop and wearing a pointed hat." This description indirectly revealed his character and ability through his appearance and equipment. In Water Margins, Lu Zhishen was described as " the five mountains are light and the three rivers merge to form waves ". This description indirectly revealed his character and image through the environment and atmosphere. 3 In Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Cao Cao was described as " ashen face, eyes like copper bells, voice like copper basins ". This description indirectly revealed his image through his voice and appearance.