It could still be Voldemort, but in a different form. Maybe he has a new power or a different plan this time. Since it's a new chance, he might have found a way to come back even stronger and more devious than before.
It could still be Voldemort. Even though Harry has a second chance, Voldemort is still a major threat in the wizarding world. His presence and his Death Eaters would continue to be the main source of danger, and Harry would need to use his second chance wisely to defeat him once and for all.
Maybe a group of pure - blood supremacists who didn't like the changes that Harry brought to the wizarding world after the war. They believe that the old ways of pure - blood dominance should be restored and will stop at nothing to oppose Harry's new beginning, which includes more equality among all wizards and witches.
There could be a dark spirit or entity that has been awakened by Harry's arrival in New Orleans. This entity was once sealed away but Harry's magic has somehow loosened its bonds. It then starts causing chaos in the city, attacking both muggles and wizards alike. Harry has to figure out how to stop this entity, but first he has to deal with the fact that the local magical community blames him for the entity's awakening.
Perhaps it's a corrupted Hogwarts professor. In this fanfiction, a teacher could have been influenced by the dark side and decides to oppose Harry's new path. They could be using their position at Hogwarts to spread dark magic teachings or to manipulate students against Harry. They would be a more insidious antagonist as they are operating from within the very institution that is supposed to be a safe haven for Harry.
Perhaps a long - lost relative of the Potter family who feels they were unjustly excluded from inheriting the manor. This relative could be jealous of Harry's status and the wealth associated with the manor. They might use dark magic to try and claim what they think is rightfully theirs, leading to a battle of magic and loyalty within the Potter family and among Harry's friends.
It could be a new dark wizard who has emerged in Harry's new life. This wizard might be jealous of Harry's fame and want to take him down.
Maybe there could be a new antagonist, a dark shapeshifter who is jealous of Harry's power. This antagonist could be an old wizard who has been in hiding for centuries, waiting for the right time to emerge and take over the wizarding world. He sees Harry as a threat to his plans and tries to eliminate him.
Another possibility is a corrupted member of the Ministry of Magic. They might be trying to use Harry as a scapegoat to gain more power within the Ministry. They could be working with the Death Eaters or acting on their own, but they would be a significant obstacle for Harry as he tries to stay alive and free while on the run.
Perhaps a new dark wizard or witch who has infiltrated the Ministry of Magic and made sure Harry was sent to Azkaban. This antagonist could be working towards a bigger plan to take over the wizarding world and sees Harry as a major threat even when he's locked up.
It could be Voldemort. He might see Harry's new waterbending ability as a threat and try to find a way to counter it. Maybe he would seek out dark magic related to fire to oppose Harry's water powers.