Another group could be a cult that worships Lucifer in a very extreme way. They might try to force Percy to be the leader they've always wanted, to bring about the end of the world or something equally apocalyptic. Percy, not wanting to cause destruction, has to fight against this cult while also dealing with his own identity issues.
The gods from traditional mythologies might also be antagonists. They wouldn't want a son of Lucifer running around with such powerful and potentially dangerous abilities. They could send their heroes or demigods to oppose Percy, thinking he's a danger to the order they've established. For instance, Zeus might see Percy as a threat to his rule and send Hercules or other powerful figures after him.
The obvious antagonists could be the angels. Since Percy is Lucifer's son, they would see him as a threat and try to stop him from causing any chaos or fulfilling any of Lucifer's supposed plans.
There could also be a group of demigods who are jealous of Percy's power due to his unique parentage. They might form an alliance against him, trying to steal his powers or at least make his life difficult. They could be led by a demigod who has a grudge against Percy or is power - hungry.
The main antagonists could be the Titans. They are powerful enemies in the Percy Jackson universe already. Now that Percy has Superman - like powers, they might see him as an even greater threat to their plans of overthrowing the gods. So, they would do everything in their power to stop him.
The Titans could be great antagonists. They might see Percy as a threat to their plans of regaining power. Since he has the power of Aether, they could fear that he'll be able to stop them in ways other demigods can't. Another option could be some dark demigods who are jealous of Percy's connection to Aether and want to steal his powers for themselves.
The Titans could still be a major threat. For example, Kronos' followers who might be trying to rise again and regain power. They could target the children of Athena because of their wisdom and strategic abilities, seeing them as a big obstacle to their plans.
The Titans could be great antagonists. Since they often oppose the gods, they might see Percy as a threat, especially if he is the son of Leto. Kronos, for example, could try to stop Percy from fulfilling any prophecies related to Leto or the gods in general.
The Titans could be great antagonists. Since they once rebelled against the gods, they might see Percy, as the son of Selene, as a threat to their plans of regaining power. They could try to capture him to use his connection to Selene for their own dark purposes. For example, Kronos might want to use Percy's powers to control the moon and disrupt the balance of the world further.
The Titans who were once allied with Atlas could be antagonists. They might see Percy as a threat since he is Atlas's son and could potentially stand in their way of regaining power. Kronos' followers who still hold grudges against the Olympians and by extension, Percy, could also be main antagonists.
Another option could be some power - hungry demigods. They might not like the idea of Percy, as the son of Themis, having the potential to bring real justice to the demigod world. They could try to undermine him at every turn, creating all sorts of obstacles for him in his quests.
The Titans who don't want Rhea to gain more power through Percy could be antagonists. Kronos, for example, might see Percy as a threat to his own plans for domination.
Gaea herself would obviously be a main antagonist. She has the power to manipulate the earth and all its forces against Percy. Her children who are fully committed to her cause could also be major antagonists. They might have powers related to the earth and be very difficult for Percy to defeat.