cultural relic inscriptions

The following are some of the cultural relics with inscriptions: - There were 29 inscriptions on the base of the "Eight-year-old Lacquer Wood Tall Bean" that was recovered from the Eastern Tomb of Qin Dynasty. The interpretation of some inscriptions helped to determine whether Lord Mengchang had served as the prime minister of Qin Dynasty. This cultural relic was determined to be a national first-class cultural relic. - He Zun, a national treasure of the Western Zhou Dynasty, had an inscription that recorded the important historical fact that King Cheng of the Zhou Dynasty inherited the will of King Wu of the Zhou Dynasty and moved the capital to Luoyi (now Luoyang, Henan Province), which was called "Cheng Zhou". The earliest source of the word "China" was "Staying in China". - There were four lines and 33 words of inscriptions cast on the bottom of the Gui of the Western Zhou Dynasty. The content was related to King Wu of Zhou's conquest of King Zhou of the Shang Dynasty. This Gui was also known as the Gui of King Wu's conquest of the Shang Dynasty. It had great historical significance and was listed as one of the nine national treasures. - There were two circles of words on the outer wall of a certain drum seat. The upper circle had about 98 words and the lower circle had 52 words. Although some of the words were vague and some were written in reverse, the word "Yu" in one of the lines was believed by experts to be more than a third-level cultural relic and should be classified as a first-level national treasure. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

The oracle bone script was a type of ancient China script. It was an early form of Chinese characters and was also considered one of the calligraphy styles of Chinese characters. It was the oldest mature script in the current China dynasty. It was first unearthed in the Yin Ruins of Anyang City, Henan Province. The inscriptions on bones and tortoise shells were also known as the contract inscriptions, oracle bone inscriptions, and Yin Ruins characters. They were characters carved on tortoiseshells or animal bones by the royal family in the late Shang Dynasty for divination and recording. It was the earliest mature writing system in East Asia. Together with the hieroglyphic script of ancient Egypt, the cuneiform script of the two river basins, and the Mayan script of the United States, it was the world's four ancient scripts. It was of great significance to the development of human civilization. It was generally believed that Wang Yirong, a scholar of epigraphy in the late Qing Dynasty, discovered the oracle bone inscriptions on the oracle bones in Anyang, Henan Province. At present, the era of studying oracle bone inscriptions was mainly from the late Yin Shang and the early Western Zhou Dynasty, which was 273 years from the time Pangeng moved to the Yin Dynasty to the fall of Zhou Xin, the eighth generation and twelve kings. The inventor of the oracle bone inscriptions might be the Zhenren who was responsible for divination during the Yin Shang Dynasty. Dong Zuobin divided the Shang Oracle Bone Inscriptions of the year 273 into five periods according to ten standards. Each period had its own unique style of calligraphy. The main materials used to inscribe the oracle bone inscriptions were the tortoise shell, tortoise shell, and the shoulder blade of a cow. The content of the inscriptions was mainly divination inscriptions, but there were also a small number of records and table inscriptions. Later works recorded the contents of the oracle bone inscriptions in the form of rubbings, photographs, and copies. The inscriptions on bones and tortoise shells had a strong pictographic nature, and the handwriting style was uncertain, so it was extremely flexible. In 1928, the archeological team of the Institute of History and Language of the Academies of China organized the excavation of the Yin Ruins. Over the past hundred years, more than 100,000 pieces of oracle bones had been unearthed through archaeological excavation and other means. In addition, oracle bone inscriptions also appeared in other areas of Henan and Shaanxi. According to statistics, as of 2019, there were about 160,000 pieces of oracle bone inscriptions collected in China and around the world. Through the joint efforts of several generations of scholars represented by the "four halls of oracle bones", the study of oracle bones had become a world-wide mature discipline with strict laws. It had achieved fruitful results in the collection of materials, the study of characters, the study of Shang history, the study of archaeology, and the interpretation of characters. At present, there were more than 4000 characters in the oracle bone inscriptions unearthed. The oracle bone inscriptions that had been examined and explained were about 2000 characters. Among all the characters that had been explained, there were less than 1000 words that could be confirmed. The discovery of oracle bone inscriptions had brought forward the history of China by more than 1,000 years. It had also played an immeasurable role in the study of ancient Chinese characters. It played a fundamental role in the formation and evolution of Chinese characters. On November 24th, 2017, Oracle successfully passed the review of the International Committee of the Memory of the World Project of the United Nations Scientific and Cultural Organization and was successfully selected into the Memory of the World Register. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

Sand casting was an ancient craft that was of great significance in the production and identification of cultural relics. For example, 11 gilded Buddhas from the early Tang Dynasty unearthed in Duchang County, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, were made using the sand-turning process at the end of the Sui Dynasty. There was also the Yuan Dynasty's "Seal of Ten Thousand Families of the Han Army" in the collection of the Zhaodong City Museum, which was also made by sand casting, but this seal was more crude. In the field of China antique art, the art of turning sand was also used to counterfeit. For example, when ancient coins were forged, profiteers might use the method of turning sand to cast money, which involved turning the mold, trimming the edge, repairing the hole, rusting, silencing the sound, making old coins, and other methods to make counterfeit coins. This required collectors to improve their eyesight to distinguish. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

In December 2002, Bai Jingfu, the then vice minister of the Ministry of Public Security, wrote a letter requesting that the Song brothers 'cultural relics case in Luoyang be wiped out (the 1210 cultural relics case). The informant said that he was famous in the cultural relics circle and often identified cultural relics for others. He was a friend of Guangzhou exhibition. Zhan had been engaged in illegal cultural relics business for a long time. He was the "eye" of the exhibition who handled cultural relics. In the spring of 2001, Zhan bought a batch of cultural relics from Luoyang for him to appraise, including many cultural relics of the Tang Dynasty. Zhan sold them to Macau for 12 million yuan. In November 2002, Zhan took him to a private residence near the old city of Luoyang. There were more than 200 cultural relics of the Han and Tang Dynasties. There was a 1.2-meter-tall three-colored horse that could be called a national treasure. He discovered that the number and quality of the cultural relics collected by the Song brothers far exceeded that of the museum. When he returned, he felt uneasy and reported it. The report letter mentioned that the cultural relics were stored by the Song brothers in Luoyang and attached the phone numbers of Zhan and the Song brothers. The "1210" special task force was established in Luoyang, Henan Province. The reported "Boss Song" Song Yanbin and "Third Song" Song Yanqing were listed as the top suspects. Song Yanhai ("Second Song"), who had been working in the public security system for many years at that time, was related to his brother. The day after Song Yanhai fell, the Luoyang City Public Security Bureau issued a notice to collect clues about the crimes of Song Yanbin, Song Yanhai, Song Yanqing, Song Yanhong, and others. The criminal gang was led by Song Yanbin, Song Yanhai, Song Yanqing, and Song Yanhong. Wang Wenhai and Qu Jinhua were the protective umbrellas. Led by the Henan Province Public Security Bureau, they mobilized the elite forces of many cities to form a "9.16" special task force to investigate it. Previously, when Song Yanhai was suspected, he had claimed that he did not know about his brother's crimes. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

There were a series of standards and tasks for the work of cultural relics statistics. Its purpose was to regulate the work of cultural relics statistics and strengthen management, ensure the authenticity, accuracy, completeness and timely of the statistics, and prevent and punish the fraud of statistics. The basic task of statistics was to conduct a survey and analysis of cultural relics activities, provide statistics and advice, and carry out statistics supervision. The survey targets include cultural relics administrative departments at all levels, various enterprises and institutions engaged in cultural relics activities, and individual industrial and commercial households. The State Administration of Cultural Relics is the department in charge of the national cultural relics statistics. It manages the national cultural relics statistics under the professional guidance of the State Bureau of statistics. The local cultural relics administrative departments at all levels are responsible for the work within their respective regions under the professional guidance of the higher-level cultural relics departments and the government statistics agencies at the same level. The administrative departments of cultural relics at all levels need to strengthen the leadership of cultural relics statistics, improve institutions, enrich personnel, strengthen training and professional ethics education, include the funds for statistics in the annual budget to ensure that the allocation is in place, attach importance to the construction of statistics information and strengthen the scientific research of statistics to improve the indicator system and improve the investigation methods. In terms of specific cultural relics statistics, for example, the 2013 China Cultural Relics Annual Report collected the statistics of various aspects of cultural development in 2012 and other important historical years, including comprehensive, library, mass culture, art, cultural market, cultural property, education, science and technology, animation and other aspects. In addition, the cultural relics survey in Xiangzhou County also had corresponding statistics. According to the statistics of the third national cultural relics survey, 112 immovable cultural relics and historical sites in the wild were found in Xiangzhou County. As of the fourth survey, 42 cultural relics and historical sites had been reviewed and investigated on the spot. 37.5% of the tasks were completed, and 5 new cultural relics clues were found. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

There were many forms of tangible cultural relics, and there were many types of them. For example, the bronze tray and high-foot jade cup unearthed from the tomb of King Nanyue in Xianggang, Guangzhou, was ingeniously composed of various materials; the acupuncture bronze statue and the Ming Dynasty copper alchemy furnace in the collection of Shanghai Museum of Traditional Chinese Medicine; the only stone rubbing of the King of Song Dynasty's "Acupuncture and Moxibustion Classic of Bronze Man's Acupoints" in the collection of Guangdong Museum of Traditional Chinese Medicine; and the Compendium of Materia Medica, the 31st year of Wanli (1603), the engraved edition of Zhang Dingsi, the provincial judge of Jiangxi Province, and other cultural relics related to traditional Chinese medicine. Buildings like the ancient bridge were also tangible cultural relics. For example, the ancient bridges in the Bashu area were mostly products of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. They were both tangible cultural relics and solidified history. There were many stories behind them that carried the wisdom of the ancients. In addition, there were cultural relics such as the celadon square box of Yue kiln in the Zhu Ran Tomb Museum in Ma 'an, Anhui Province. They existed in the form of physical objects and witnessed the development of history. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

There were many kinds of turtleback cultural relics, such as the Tang green glazed turtleback chip tube, which was a pottery cultural relic of the Tang Dynasty in China. In the Tang Dynasty, there were many pottery sculptures with horses, camels, cattle and other giant animals as specimens, but it used turtles, which symbolized longevity, as the object. The image was vivid, reflecting the high achievements of the sculpture art of the Tang Dynasty. There was also the turtle-back-shaped, grid-shaped bronze ware excavated from Pit 7 in the sacrificial area of the Sanxing Dui Ruins. It had a unique shape. It looked like a huge turtle, and the back of the turtle was hollow. There were exquisitely designed opening and closing mechanisms on the side. There were four bronze dragon handles (two of which were damaged) and two or three bronze ribbons. After opening, there was a collection of green jade inside. There was silk extract on the surface, indicating that it had been wrapped in silk. Moreover, this bronze ware used welding technology, which was a very amazing technological achievement more than 3,000 years ago. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

The microliths were the products of the transition from the late Paleoliths to the early Neoliths. There are many discoveries of microliths in our country. For example, the Black Dragon Pool microliths in Tancheng County, Shandong Province, is located 20 kilometers southeast of the county seat, 1000 meters east of Dashangzhuang Village in Honghua Township, on the west slope of Maling Mountain, and east of the Black Dragon Pool Reservoir. The stone artifacts are mainly distributed in the south of the Black Dragon Pool Reservoir, north of Dajian Gully, and Baijiwo. They were excavated in October 1984. The cultural layer of the site can be divided into three layers. The unearthed relics include sculptors, pointed tools, chopping tools, scrapers, etc. It is accompanied by fur, rhinoceros, elephant, cattle and other fossils. The raw materials for processing stone products are mainly quarts, agates, flint, chalcedony, crystals, slate, etc. It is about 14000 - 11000 years old in the Middle Stone Age. It has high historical and scientific value. In April 1990, it was announced as a county-level key cultural relic protection unit. Later, in June 1992, it was announced as a provincial-level key cultural relic protection unit. In 2000, It was recommended as the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units. The Zhongzipu kiln site in Sichuan was also a microstone site. Since it was discovered in 1990, it had been excavated twice and more than 10,000 microstone relics were unearthed. According to carbon-14 determination, the kiln site was about 7000 years ago. It was one of the earliest Neoliths ruins in Sichuan Basin. It was also a microstone site with outstanding cultural characteristics and the most abundant relics found in Sichuan. It was synchronized with the Yangshao culture, Longshan culture and Dawenkou culture. It provided important information for the study of the microstone culture in southern China. The Zhongzipu Microliths Museum opened on October 20,2024. It was the first museum dedicated to microliths culture in the country. The exhibition hall covered an area of 3000 square meters. From the perspectives of archaeological excavation, ecological environment, production and life, and physical display, it narrated the excavation of the Zhongzipu site, the introduction, development, and protection of microliths. More than 1000 pieces of cultural relics such as fine stone cores, fine stone leaves, scrapers, and polished stone tools were exhibited, all of which had a high history. scientific, cultural, and artistic value. There was also the microstone from Lop Nur in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. It was a Neolithical microstone relic located in the vast desert area of the region. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

Slab tiles were a type of construction material that had been found in ruins from different historical periods. In the Dongzhan site in the south of Shandong Province (discovered in 1985), slabs of the Han Dynasty were collected. The site covered an area of about 200 square meters. Rubble, ceramic fragments, etc. were also found scattered around. At the same time, pottery and porcelain pieces such as Han Dynasty tile barrels, crude stone sinkers, ring-ear jar pieces, etc. were found. There were also archeological discoveries about slabs in Henan. For example, in 2000, the family courtyard of Henan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, in 1997, the Zhengzhou nail factory, and in 1986, the "tile" materials that were thought to be from the Shang Dynasty were unearthed at the Zhengzhou workstation of the Henan Province Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology. The excavated people believed that the shape of the tile was similar to that of the tile after the Western Zhou Dynasty and was unearthed near the base of the palace area. However, there was a dispute in the academic community whether these "ceramic blocks shaped like tiles" were real tiles. In addition, there were three "plate tile fragments" unearthed from the middle and late stratum of the core building area of the Taosi ruins in Xiangfen, Shanxi Province. There was also controversy about whether they were plate tiles. Chengzhou (Luoyi), which was built in the early Western Zhou Dynasty, had a large rammed earth platform foundation in the south of the city. A large number of plate tiles, tube tiles, and pottery pipes were unearthed. This should be where the palace of the King of Zhou and the ancestral temple of the Zhou royal family were located. In the Han Dynasty, there were cord-patterned tiles. For example, there were cord-patterned tiles in the accumulation layer of building materials of the Han Dynasty found on the cliff wall of the forbidden ditch 20 meters northwest of the Beiqi Beacon Tower site. Cord-patterned tiles were unique cultural relics of the Han Dynasty. When the craftsmen of the Han Dynasty made tiles, they placed straw ropes or hemp ropes on the surface to facilitate dragging the blank. They could also be used for drawing to increase the ornamental value. They were widely used, but they were eliminated after the Tang Dynasty because they were not beautiful and easy to grow grass. <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>

Different artifacts may be considered "scary" because of their unique appearance, unknown use, or the story behind them. During the excavation of the Chu Tomb in Baoshan, China, a strange phenomenon occurred. At that time, when the archaeologists were drilling holes in the tomb to rest, the exploration hole suddenly caught fire. An archaeologist had just sat down when he encountered this situation, and his eyebrows were burned. It was difficult to explain the cause of this spontaneous combustion, but this kind of fire pit tomb was often not robbed. This inexplicable spontaneous combustion made this ancient tomb a little "scary". The bones of Shang Dynasty soldiers unearthed in Yin Ruins were also terrifying. In 1998, the remains of a skull were unearthed from the Bai family's tomb in the Yin Ruins. The skull was completely pierced by a bronze halberd, and a large hole was forcefully torn out. From the state of the bones, such as injuries on the legs, chest, and head, one could imagine the brutality of the war. This was also what made people feel "scary". <a href="/?from=ask_words" style="color:red" target="_blank">Read more exciting novels for free</a>